speak/say/tell/talk“四说”辨析

一、speak 说；讲话；演讲 （vi.）

1、过去式：spoke

过去分词：spoken

2、speak to sb.和……讲（电话用语）

例如：May I speak to Lucy?我能和Lucy说话吗？

3、speak to/with sb.(about sth.)对某人说（某事）

例如：I spoke to /with the chairman about my idea. 我和主席谈了我的想法。

I spoke to my brother about his car. 我和我哥哥谈了他的车。

4、speak+语言 表示“说某种语言”（这里的speak是及物动词vt.）

in+语言 表示“用……语言说”（这里的in是介词prep.）

例如：I can speak English. 我会说英语。

Let' speak in Chinese.让我们用中文说。

二、tell 告诉；讲述

1、过去式：told

过去分词：told

2、tell stories/a story讲故事

3、tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事

例如：He told his parents the good news.=He told the good news to his parents.

4、tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事

tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事

5、tell 区别；辨别；看

例如：I can tell the time.我会看时间。

I can't tell which is which. 我不能分辨哪个是哪个。

三、talk 谈话；说话；与人交谈

1、过去式：talked

过去分词：talked

2、talk on the phone接电话=on the phone

3、talk to sb./with sb. 与……交谈

例如：Jack is talking to/with his mother.

4、talk about sth.……谈论某事

例如：We are talking about our job.

四、say、强调说话内容包括观点、感受、想法

1、过去式：said

过去分词：said

2、say to sb.对某人说

例如：What did you say to him?你对他说了什么

3、say+句子

例如：He said (that)he wanted to go.他说他想要去。